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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57 (2007), 2557-2561; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.65203-0
© 2007 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Thermogymnomonas acidicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic, cell wall-less archaeon in the order Thermoplasmatales, isolated from a solfataric soil in Hakone, Japan

Takashi Itoh1, Naoto Yoshikawa1,2 and Tomonori Takashina3

1 Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
2 Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Oura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
3 Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Oura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan

Correspondence
Takashi Itoh
ito{at}jcm.riken.jp

A novel thermoacidophilic, cell wall-less archaeon, strain IC-189T, was isolated from a solfataric field in Ohwaku-dani, Hakone, Japan. The cells were irregular cocci, sometimes lobed, club-shaped or catenated, and were highly variable in size, ranging from 0.8 to 8.0 µm in diameter. The strain grew at temperatures in the range 38–68 °C (optimally at 60 °C) and at pH 1.8–4.0 (optimally at around pH 3.0). Strain IC-189T was obligately aerobic and heterotrophic, requiring yeast extract for growth. Yeast extract, glucose and mannose served as carbon and energy sources. The polar lipids consisted mainly of cyclic or acyclic glycerol-bisdiphytanyl-glycerol tetraethers, and the predominant quinone was a menaquinone with seven isoprenoid units (MK-7). The G+C content of total DNA was 56.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain IC-189T was a member of the order Thermoplasmatales, but diverged from the hitherto known species of the genera Thermoplasma, Picrophilus and Ferroplasma (86.2–91.0 % sequence similarity). These phenotypic and phylogenetic properties clearly support a separate taxonomic status for this strain. Therefore, strain IC-189T represents a novel genus (order Thermoplasmatales) and species, for which the name Thermogymnomonas acidicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain IC-189T (=JCM 13583T=DSM 18835T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain IC-189T is AB269873.






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