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Fervidobacterium changbaicum sp. nov., a novel thermophilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from a hot spring of the Changbai Mountains, China

¹ Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, PR China
² School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
³ State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, PR China

Correspondence
Yan Feng
yfeng{at}mail.jlu.edu.cn
Yanhe Ma
mayanhe{at}im.ac.cn

A thermophilic, obligately anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium (strain CBS-1^T) was isolated from a hot spring mixture of water and mud of the Changbai Mountains, China. Strain CBS-1^T was found to be non-sporulating, Gram-negative, with optimal growth at 75–80 °C. It grew on a wide range of carbon sources, including glucose, lactose, maltose, starch, sorbitol and pyruvate amongst others. The DNA G+C content of strain CBS-1^T was 31.9 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain was a member of the genus Fervidobacterium. The high concentration of C_{16 : 0} (52.2 %) in the fatty acid profile of the cell envelope supported its inclusion as a member of the genus Fervidobacterium. On the basis of the low values of DNA–DNA hybridization (25.8 and 20.5 %) and phenotypic features, strain CBS-1^T represents a novel species of the genus Fervidobacterium, for which the name Fervidobacterium changbaicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CBS-1^T (=DSM 17883^T=JCM 13353^T).

An electron micrograph of cells of strain CBS-1^T, graphs showing the influence of temperature, pH and salt concentration on growth of cells of strain CBS-1^T and fatty acid compositions of strain CBS-1^T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.