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Dethiosulfatibacter aminovorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thiosulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from coastal marine sediment via sulfate-reducing enrichment with Casamino acids

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa 1-1, Hachioji 192-0397, Japan
² Research Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Central 6, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
³ Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Hyakunin-cho 3-24-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0073, Japan

Correspondence
Susumu Takii
takii-susumu{at}c.metro-u.ac.jp

A sulfate-reducing enrichment culture originating from coastal marine sediment of the eutrophic Tokyo Bay, Japan, was successfully established with Casamino acids as a substrate. A thiosulfate reducer, strain C/G2^T, was isolated from the enrichment culture after further enrichment with glutamate. Cells of strain C/G2^T were non-motile rods (0.6–0.8 µmx2.2–4.8 µm) and were found singly or in pairs and sometimes in short chains. Spores were not formed. Cells of strain C/G2^T stained Gram-negatively, despite possessing Gram-positive cell walls. The optimum temperature for growth was 28–30 °C, the optimum pH was around 7.8 and the optimum salt concentration was 20–30 g l^–1. Lactate, pyruvate, serine, cysteine, threonine, glutamate, histidine, lysine, arginine, Casamino acids, peptone and yeast extract were fermented as single substrates and no sugar was used as a fermentative substrate. A Stickland reaction was observed with some pairs of amino acids. Fumarate, alanine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, glutamine and aspartate were utilized only in the presence of thiosulfate. Strain C/G2^T fermented glutamate to H₂, CO₂, acetate and propionate. Thiosulfate and elemental sulfur were reduced to sulfide. Sulfate, sulfite and nitrate were not utilized as electron acceptors. The growth of strain C/G2^T on Casamino acids or glutamate was enhanced by co-culturing with Desulfovibrio sp. isolated from the original mixed culture enriched with Casamino acids. The DNA G+C content of strain C/G2^T was 41.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain C/G2^T formed a distinct cluster with species of the genus Sedimentibacter. The closest relative was Sedimentibacter hydroxybenzoicus (with a gene sequence similarity of 91 %). On the basis of its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain C/G2^T (=JCM 13356^T=NBRC 101112^T=DSM 17477^T) is proposed as representing a new genus and novel species, Dethiosulfatibacter aminovorans gen. nov., sp. nov.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain C/G2^T is AB218661.

Phase-contrast and transmission electron micrographs of cells of strain C/G2^T and tables detailing the metabolic products of the novel strain from amino acids in pure and co-cultures are available with the online version of this paper.