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Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a Japanese salty food

¹ Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
² Laboratory of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

Correspondence
Antonio Ventosa
ventosa{at}us.es

A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated strain 43^T, was isolated from a Japanese salty food and then subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain 43^T is moderately halophilic, growing at NaCl concentrations in the range 5–25 % (w/v), with optimum growth between 7.5 and 12.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurs at temperatures from 15 to 42 °C (optimally at 28–37 °C) and at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0–8.0). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain 43^T belongs to the genus Chromohalobacter. The closest relatives were Chromohalobacter canadensis ATCC 43984^T (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Chromohalobacter beijerinckii ATCC 19372^T (99.1 %), Chromohalobacter sarecensis LV4^T (98.3 %), Chromohalobacter nigrandesensis LTS-4N^T (97.9 %) and Chromohalobacter marismortui ATCC 17056^T (97.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 62.9 mol%, which is within the range described for the genus Chromohalobacter. DNA–DNA hybridization studies between strain 43^T and C. canadensis CECT 5385^T and C. beijerinckii DSM 7218^T showed 38 and 49 % relatedness, respectively; lower DNA–DNA hybridization percentages were obtained with respect to other related Chromohalobacter species. The major fatty acids of strain 43^T were C_{16 : 0}, C_{19 : 0} cyclo 8c and C_{12 : 0} 3-OH. Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results demonstrated that strain 43^T represents a novel species within the genus Chromohalobacter. The name Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov. is proposed, with strain 43^T (=CECT 7219^T =CCM 7416^T) as the type strain.