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Vibrio rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a red-pigmented bacterium that antagonizes phytopathogenic bacteria

Microbiology Department, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, 3rd Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India

Correspondence
Sudha Nair
microbiology{at}mssrf.res.in

Two novel red-pigmented Vibrio strains, MSSRF3^T and MSSRF10, with antibacterial activity against phytopathogens were isolated from the rhizosphere region of mangrove-associated wild rice (Porteresia coarctata Tateoka), in Pichavaram, India. The cells were Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped and were motile by means of single polar flagella. The two strains were catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, and were able to grow in 0.1–10 % NaCl (with optimum growth in 2 % NaCl) and at temperatures of 20–42 °C (optimum growth at 25–30 °C). Both strains produced acid and gas from D-glucose under anaerobic conditions and utilized a wide range of compounds as sole carbon and energy sources. The DNA G+C contents determined were 51.3 mol% for strain MSSRF3^T and 51.0 mol% for strain MSSRF10. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, rpoA, recA and pyrH gene sequences showed that strains MSSRF3^T and MSSRF10 belong to the genus Vibrio and are very closely related to Vibrio ruber JCM 11486^T, with which they share 98.3–98.5 % (16S rRNA), 98.3–99.7 % (rpoA), 90.2–99.8 % (recA) and 91.3–99.4 % (pyrH) gene sequence similarities, respectively. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness were 44 % between strains MSSRF3^T and MSSRF10, 80 % between strain MSSRF10 and V. ruber JCM 11486^T and 45 % between strain MSSRF3^T and V. ruber JCM 11486^T. Strain MSSRF3^T was phenotypically similar to V. ruber JCM 11486^T. However, the inability to reduce nitrate to nitrite, the ability to grow in 0.1 % NaCl and the presence of caseinase were characteristics that allowed differentiation between V. ruber JCM 11486^T and strain MSSRF3^T. In addition, strain MSSRF3^T could be differentiated from strain MSSRF10 and its closest relative V. ruber JCM 11486^T with respect to its genomic fingerprinting analysis (random amplified polymorphic DNA, GTG₅, BOX, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and ribotyping). Therefore, based on phenotypic, genotypic, phylogenetic and DNA–DNA hybridization analyses, strain MSSRF3^T (=LMG 23790^T=DSM 18581^T) should be classified as representing the type strain of a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains MSSRF3^T and MSSRF10 are DQ847123 and DQ273663, respectively, and those for the recA, rpoA and pyrH gene sequences of strains MSSRF3^T, MSSRF10 and Vibrio ruber JCM 11486^T are EF523232–EF523240.

Figures showing the colony and cell morphologies of strain MSSRF3^T, phylogenetic trees constructed using maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony and based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, neighbour-joining trees based on partial recA, rpoA and pyrH gene sequences and results of PCR-based fingerprinting analysis using RAPD, GTG₅, BOX, PCR-RFLP and ribotyping are available with the online version of this paper.

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				N. R. Kumar, S. Nair, S. Langer, H.-J. Busse, and P. Kampfer Altererythrobacter indicus sp. nov., isolated from wild rice (Porteresia coarctata Tateoka) Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, April 1, 2008; 58(4): 839 - 844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]