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Denitratisoma oestradiolicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a 17-oestradiol-degrading, denitrifying betaproteobacterium

¹ Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
² Bremen Institute for Materials Testing, Foundation Institute for Materials Science, Paul-Feller-Str. 1, D-28199 Bremen, Germany
³ Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32 (IFZ), D-35392 Giessen, Germany
⁴ Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland

Correspondence
Juliane Hollender
juliane.hollender{at}eawag.ch

A Gram-negative, motile, denitrifying bacterium (strain AcBE2-1^T) was isolated from activated sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant using 17-oestradiol (E2) as sole source of carbon and energy. Cells were curved rods, 0.4–0.8x0.8–2.0 µm in size, non-fermentative, non-spore-forming, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. E2 was oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water by reduction of nitrate to a mixture of dinitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen, with the intermediate accumulation of nitrite. Electron recoveries were between 90 and 100 %, taking assimilated E2 into account. With nitrate as the electron acceptor, the bacterium also grew on fatty acids (C₂ to C₆), isobutyrate, crotonate, DL-lactate, pyruvate, fumarate and succinate. Phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain AcBE2-1^T represents a separate line of descent within the family Rhodocyclaceae (Betaproteobacteria). The closest relatives are the cholesterol-degrading, denitrifying bacteria Sterolibacterium denitrificans DSM 13999^T and strain 72Chol (=DSM 12783), with <93.9 % sequence similarity. The G+C content of the DNA was 61.4 mol%. Detection of a quinone system with ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant compound and a fatty acid profile that included high concentrations of C_{16 : 1}7c/iso-C_{15 : 0} 2-OH and C_{16 : 0}, in addition to C_{18 : 1}7c and small amounts of C_{8 : 0} 3-OH, supported the results of the phylogenetic analysis. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence data in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain AcBE2-1^T (=DSM 16959^T=JCM 12830^T) is placed in a new genus Denitratisoma gen. nov. as the type strain of the type species Denitratisoma oestradiolicum gen. nov., sp. nov.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain AcBE2-1^T is AY879297.

An expanded phylogenetic tree showing the affiliation of the 16S rRNA gene sequence from strain AcBE2-1^T to selected reference sequences of members of the Betaproteobacteria is available as a supplementary figure in IJSEM Online.

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