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Vulcanibacillus modesticaldus gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, nitrate-reducing bacterium from deep-sea hydrothermal vents

S. L'Haridon¹, M. L. Miroshnichenko², N. A. Kostrikina², B. J. Tindall³, S. Spring³, P. Schumann³, E. Stackebrandt³, E. A. Bonch-Osmolovskaya² and C. Jeanthon^1,

¹ UMR 6197, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IFREMER and Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, 29280 Plouzané, France
² Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabraya 7/2, 117811 Moscow, Russia
³ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany

Correspondence
C. Jeanthon
jeanthon{at}sb-roscoff.fr

A novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, spore-forming bacterium, designated strain BR^T, was isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal core samples collected at the Rainbow vent field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (36° 14' N 33° 54' W). The cells were found to be rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-positive and spore-forming. The organism grew in the temperature range 37–60 °C, with an optimum at 55 °C, and at pH values in the range 6–8.5, with an optimum around pH 7. NaCl concentrations for growth were in the range 10–40 g l^–1, with an optimum at 20–30 g l^–1. Strain BR^T grew chemo-organoheterotrophically with carbohydrates, proteinaceous substrates and organic acids with nitrate as electron acceptor. The novel isolate was not able to ferment. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 34.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed strain BR^T in the Bacillaceae within the class ‘Bacilli’. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, this isolate should be described as a member of a novel genus, for which the name Vulcanibacillus gen. nov. is proposed. The type species is Vulcanibacillus modesticaldus sp. nov., with the type strain BR^T (=DSM 14931^T=JCM 12998^T).

Electron micrographs and details of the polar lipid and cellular fatty acid compositions of strain BR^T are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

Present address: UMR 7144, Equipe Phytoplancton Océanique, Station Biologique, Place Georges-Teissier, 29680 Roscoff Cedex, France.

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