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Emended description of the genus Phyllobacterium and description of four novel species associated with plant roots: Phyllobacterium bourgognense sp. nov., Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense sp. nov., Phyllobacterium leguminum sp. nov. and Phyllobacterium brassicacearum sp. nov.

¹ LSTM – Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, UMR 113, Campus International de Baillarguet TA 10/J, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
² Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 77, Pathologie Végétale, BP 60057, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France
³ Institut des Régions Arides, Nahal-Gabès, Tunisia

Correspondence
Jean-Claude Cleyet-Marel
cleyet{at}ensam.inra.fr

Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the rhizoplane of Brassica napus in France and from root nodules of Argyrolobium uniflorum, Astragalus algerianus and Lathyrus numidicus growing in the infra-arid zone of southern Tunisia. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the seven isolates belong to the Alphaproteobacteria and are related to Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum strains. The isolates formed three clusters; clusters A and C consist of Tunisian strains, whereas cluster B consists of two strains from Brassica napus from France. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on the atpD gene strongly supports their affiliation to the genus Phyllobacterium. DNA–DNA hybridizations revealed that (i) none of the isolates belong to the species P. myrsinacearum, (ii) clusters A and C represent two distinct genomospecies and (iii) the two strains of cluster B represent two separate genomospecies. Distinctive phenotypic features were deduced from numerical analysis of phenotypic data. Based on this polyphasic approach, four novel species are proposed: Phyllobacterium leguminum sp. nov. (type strain ORS 1419^T=CFBP 6745^T=LMG 22833^T), Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense sp. nov. (type strain STM 370^T=CFBP 6742^T=LMG 22831^T), Phyllobacterium brassicacearum sp. nov. (type strain STM 196^T=CFBP 5551^T=LMG 22836^T) and Phyllobacterium bourgognense sp. nov. (type strain STM 201^T=CFBP 5553^T=LMG 22837^T). The description of the genus Phyllobacterium is emended accordingly.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains STM 196^T, ORS 1419^T, STM 201^T and STM 370^T are respectively AY785319, AY785323, AY785320 and AY785325, and the accession numbers for the atpD gene sequences of strains STM 196^T, ORS 1419^T and STM 201^T are AY785335, AY785339 and AY785336.

Details of culture media compositions, sequence alignments in PIR format and extended phylogenetic trees for 16S rRNA gene and atpD analysis are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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