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Granulibacter bethesdensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a distinctive pathogenic acetic acid bacterium in the family Acetobacteraceae

David E. Greenberg^1,, Stephen F. Porcella^2,, Frida Stock³, Alexandra Wong³, Patricia S. Conville³, Patrick R. Murray³, Steven M. Holland¹ and Adrian M. Zelazny³

¹ Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
² Research Technologies Section, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
³ Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

Correspondence
David E. Greenberg
degreenberg{at}niaid.nih.gov

A Gram-negative, aerobic, coccobacillus to rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from three patients with chronic granulomatous disease. The organism was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the RecA protein demonstrated that the organism belongs to a new sublineage within the acetic acid bacteria in the family Acetobacteraceae. Phenotypic features are summarized as follows: the organism grew at an optimum temperature of 35–37 °C and optimum pH of 5.0–6.5. It produced a yellow pigment, oxidized lactate and acetate, the latter weakly, produced little acetic acid from ethanol and could use methanol as a sole carbon source. The two major fatty acids were a straight-chain unsaturated acid (C18 : 17c) and C16 : 0. The DNA base composition was 59.1 mol% G+C. The very weak production of acetic acid from ethanol, the ability to use methanol, the yellow pigmentation and high optimum temperature for growth distinguished this organism from other acetic acid bacteria. The unique phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics suggest that the bacterium should be classified within a separate genus, for which the name Granulibacter bethesdensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CGDNIH1^T (=ATCC BAA-1260^T=DSM 17861^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA, ITS and recA gene sequences of strain CGDNIH1^T are AY788950, DQ340304 and DQ340305, respectively.

A percentage similarity table of the ITS region and a phylogenetic tree based on RecA protein analysis are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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