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1 Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
2 Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
3 Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et du Botulisme, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
4 National Microbiology Laboratory – Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington St, Suite H5040, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 3R2
Correspondence
Hélène Marchandin
h-marchandin{at}chu-montpellier.fr
Seventeen anaerobic, Gram-negative, tiny coccobacilli were collected in France from various human clinical samples. Biochemical analyses as well as molecular studies, including 16S rRNA and dnaK gene sequencing, affiliated all the isolates to the genus Dialister. However, 16S rRNA and dnaK gene sequence similarities were below 95·2 and 79·7 %, respectively, when comparisons were performed with the currently described species Dialister pneumosintes and Dialister invisus. Two clusters consisting of 13 and four isolates could be differentiated. 16S rRNA- and dnaK-based phylogeny confirmed that these two clusters represent two novel and distinct lineages within the genus Dialister. Finally, phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data supported the proposal of the two novel species Dialister micraerophilus sp. nov. (type strain ADV 04.01T=AIP 25.04T=CIP 108278T=CCUG 48837T) and Dialister propionicifaciens sp. nov. (type strain ADV 1053.03T=AIP 26.04T=CIP 108336T=CCUG 49291T). The G+C content of the DNA of the D. micraerophilus type strain is 36·3 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 11 isolates originating from Canada could also be affiliated to D. micraerophilus sp. nov., and were included in the species description.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of D. micraerophilus ADV 04.01T and D. propionicifaciens ADV 1053.03T are AF473837 and AY850119, respectively, and the accession numbers of the dnaK gene sequences of these strains are respectively AY851488 and AY851500.
An evolutionary distance tree, based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, and a table of the cellular fatty acid compositions of D. micraerophilus and D. pneumosintes are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.
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