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Methanomethylovorans thermophila sp. nov., a thermophilic, methylotrophic methanogen from an anaerobic reactor fed with methanol

¹ Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Hesselink van Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands
² Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Environments, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Correspondence
B. Jiang
bo.jiang{at}wur.nl

A novel thermophilic, obligately methylotrophic, methanogenic archaeon, strain L2FAW^T, was isolated from a thermophilic laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor fed with methanol as the carbon and energy source. Cells of strain L2FAW^T were non-motile, irregular cocci, 0·7–1·5 µm in diameter and usually occurred singly (sometimes forming clusters of two or four cells). The cells stained Gram-negative and lysed immediately in 0·1 % (w/v) SDS. Growth was inhibited by chloramphenicol and tetracycline, but not by penicillin, bacitracin, spectinomycin, vancomycin or kanamycin. Methanol and mono-, di- and trimethylamine were used as substrates, but H₂/CO₂, formate, acetate, propanol, dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol were not. The temperature range for growth was 42–58 °C, with an optimum at 50 °C. The fastest growth was observed at a salinity below 100 mM NaCl; no growth occurred above 300 mM NaCl. The optimal pH for growth was 6·5; growth was observed from pH 5 to pH 7·5. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37·6 mol%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the partial methyl-CoM reductase gene sequence revealed that the organism was phylogenetically closely related to Methanomethylovorans hollandica DMS1^T (98 % similarity for the 16S rRNA gene sequence and 91 % similarity for the methyl-CoM reductase gene sequence). The DNA–DNA relatedness between L2FAW^T and Methanomethylovorans hollandica DMS1^T was 46 %. On the basis of these results, strain L2FAW^T (=DSM 17232^T=ATCC BAA-1173^T) represents the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Methanomethylovorans thermophila sp. nov. is proposed.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA and mcrA gene sequences of Methanomethylovorans thermophila L2FAW^T are AY672821 and AY672820, respectively.

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