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Vibrio gigantis sp. nov., isolated from the haemolymph of cultured oysters (Crassostrea gigas)

¹ Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
² Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCM^TM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory for Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent 9000, Belgium

Correspondence
Denis Saulnier
dsaulnie{at}ifremer.fr

Polyphasic analysis of four new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), RNA polymerase ⁷⁰ factor (rpoD), replication origin-binding protein (rctB) and transmembrane regulatory protein (toxR) genes, fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed that these new isolates should be accommodated in a novel species, Vibrio gigantis sp. nov. Phenotypic features that differentiate V. gigantis from other known Vibrio species include arginine dihydrolase, gelatinase and -galactosidase activities, NO₂ production, growth at 35 °C, and utilization of sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, glycerol, galactose, starch and glycogen. The type strain is LGP 13^T (=LMG 22741^T=CIP 108656^T).

Published online ahead of print on 10 June 2005 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.63666-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD, rctB and toxR gene sequences of strains LGP 13^T, LGP 16, LGP 37 AND LGP 45 determined in this study are given in Figs 1–4 and Supplementary Fig. S1.

A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, a dendrogram based on FAFLP band patterns, and data on primer sequences used in PCR, intra- and interspecific DNA–DNA relatedness, phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid composition of Vibrio gigantis sp. nov. and other Vibrio splendidus-related species, are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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