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The first true obligately syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacterium, Pelotomaculum schinkii sp. nov., co-cultured with Methanospirillum hungatei, and emended description of the genus Pelotomaculum

¹ Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Hesselink van Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands
² Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence
Frank de Bok
Frank.deBok{at}wur.nl

A Gram-positive, spore-forming, syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacterium, Pelotomaculum schinkii sp. nov. strain HH^T, was isolated as a co-culture with Methanospirillum hungatei JF-1^T from anaerobic, freeze-dried granular sludge obtained from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor treating sugar beet wastewater. The bacterium converted propionate to acetate in co-culture with Methanospirillum hungatei JF-1^T or Methanobacterium formicicum MF^NT, but not in co-culture with Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus AZ. The organism could not be cultured axenically with any of the substrates tested and therefore can be considered as a (the first) true anaerobic syntrophic bacterium. The bacterium contained two distinct 16S rRNA gene sequences, with 96·8 % sequence similarity, which were both expressed during syntrophic growth on propionate as revealed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The most closely related organisms are Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus LR7.2^T, a bacterium that transforms phenol into benzoate, and Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum SI^T, a thermophilic, syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacterium. Other related species belong to the Gram-positive, sulfate-reducing genus Desulfotomaculum. The type strain of Pelotomaculum schinkii is strain HH^T (=ATCC BAA-615^T=DSM 15200^T).

Published online ahead of print on 29 April 2005 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02880-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the ‘spore A’ and ‘spore B’ 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain HH^T are respectively X91169 and X91170.

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