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Bacillus arsenicus sp. nov., an arsenic-resistant bacterium isolated from a siderite concretion in West Bengal, India

¹ Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
² Geological Survey of India, GSI Complex, DK-6, Sector-II, Bidhannagar, Kolkata – 700 091, India

Correspondence
S. Shivaji
shivas{at}ccmb.res.in

Strain Con a/3^T is a Gram-positive, motile, endospore-forming, rod-shaped and arsenic-resistant bacterium, which was isolated from a concretion of arsenic ore obtained from a bore-hole. The bacterium grew in the presence of 20 mM arsenate and 0·5 mM arsenite. Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell wall peptidoglycan, MK-7 was the major menaquinone, and iso-C_{15 : 0}, anteiso-C_{15 : 0}, iso-C_{16 : 0} and C_{16 : 1}(7cis) were the major fatty acids. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain Con a/3^T was identified as a member of the genus Bacillus. It exhibited maximum similarity (97 %) at the 16S rRNA gene level with Bacillus barbaricus (DSM 14730^T); however, the DNA–DNA relatedness value with B. barbaricus was 60 %. Strain Con a/3^T also exhibited a number of phenotypic differences from B. barbaricus (DSM 14730^T). Strain Con a/3^T was therefore identified as representing a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus arsenicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Con a/3^T (=MTCC 4380^T=DSM 15822^T=JCM 12167^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Con a/3^T is AJ606700.

Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of a spheroidal concretion, a comparison of the lipid composition of B. arsenicus sp. nov. and B. barbaricus, and a neighbour-joining tree showing the phylogenetic relationships between B. arsenicus sp. nov. and other species of the genus Bacillus are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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