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Syntrophomonas erecta sp. nov., a novel anaerobe that syntrophically degrades short-chain fatty acids

¹ State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 13, North 1st Ave, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100080, PR China
² Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, PR China

Correspondence
Xiuzhu Dong
dongxz{at}sun.im.ac.cn

Two novel anaerobes, strains GB4-38^T and SB9-1, were isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor for treating bean-curd farm wastewater and lotus field mud, respectively. The strains degraded straight-chain fatty acids with 4–8 carbon atoms in syntrophic association with methanogens and converted 1 mol butyrate into about 2 mol acetate and presumably 2 mol H₂. None of the branched-chain fatty acids tested could be degraded. Benzoate was not degraded. Fumarate, sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfur and nitrate did not serve as electron acceptors for butyrate degradation. In the absence of a methanogen partner, strain GB4-38^T grew on crotonate in pure culture; the generation time was about 5 h at 37 °C. However, strain SB9-1 grew on butyrate plus pentenoate, but not crotonate, in pure culture and the generation time was 18 h at 37 °C. Cells of GB4-38^T and SB9-1 were straight rods and stained Gram-negative. The major cellular fatty acids of GB4-38^T were C_{14 : 0} (29·74 %), C_{16 : 0} (17·00 %), C_{16 : 1}5c (16·63 %) and isoC_{17 : 1} I (15·34 %). LL-Diaminopimelic acid existed in the cellular peptidoglycan. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain GB4-38^T was 43·2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences supported clustering of the two strains with syntrophic bacterial species of the genus Syntrophomonas (89·6–92·4 % sequence similarity), but phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characters differentiated the two strains from members of this genus. Therefore, it is proposed that the two strains are representatives of a novel species, Syntrophomonas erecta sp. nov. The type strain is GB4-38^T (=CGMCC 1.5013^T=DSM 16215^T).

Published online ahead of print on 29 October 2004 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.63372-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Syntrophomonas erecta strains GB4-38^T and SB9-1 are AY536889 and AY643536, respectively.

Electron micrographs of GB4-38^T cells are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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