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Flavobacterium fryxellicola sp. nov. and Flavobacterium psychrolimnae sp. nov., novel psychrophilic bacteria isolated from microbial mats in Antarctic lakes

Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Vakgroep Biochemie, Fysiologie en Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

Correspondence
Stefanie Van Trappen
stefanie.vantrappen{at}UGent.be

Taxonomic studies were performed on seven strains isolated from microbial mats in Antarctic lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains are related to the genus Flavobacterium; sequence similarity values with their nearest phylogenetic neighbours ranged from 97·0 to 98·7 %. Results of DNA–DNA hybridization and comparison of repetitive extragenic palindromic DNA-PCR fingerprinting patterns revealed that these strains are members of two distinct species. Genotypic results, together with phenotypic characteristics, allowed these species to be differentiated from related recognized Flavobacterium species. The isolates are psychrophilic, Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, rod-shaped cells. Their whole-cell fatty acid profiles are similar and include C_{15 : 0}, C_{15 : 0} anteiso, C_{15 : 0} iso, C_{15 : 1}6c, C_{16 : 0} iso, C_{16 : 0} iso 3-OH, C_{16 : 1} iso and summed feature 3 (which comprises C_{15 : 0} iso 2-OH and/or C_{16 : 1}7c) as the major fatty acid components. On the basis of these results, two novel species are proposed: Flavobacterium fryxellicola sp. nov., consisting of three strains with LMG 22022^T (=CIP 108325^T) as the type strain; and Flavobacterium psychrolimnae sp. nov., consisting of four strains with LMG 22018^T (=CIP 108326^T) as the type strain. DNA G+C contents of F. fryxellicola and F. psychrolimnae are 35·2–35·9 and 33·8–34·5 mol%, respectively.

Published online ahead of print on 14 January 2005 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.03056-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains LMG 22018^T, LMG 22022^T, LMG 22020, R-9010 and R-7518 are AJ585428, AJ811961, AJ585427, AJ601392 and AJ601393, respectively.

Figures showing a rep-PCR profile and a phylogenetic tree, and tables giving the sources of strains, fatty acid composition data and phenotypic characteristics are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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