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Arcobacter cibarius sp. nov., isolated from broiler carcasses

¹ Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
² Danish Veterinary Institute, Bülowsvej 27, 1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark
³ Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
⁴ Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium

Correspondence
Kurt Houf
kurt.houf{at}UGent.be

Twenty Gram-negative, rod-shaped, slightly curved, non-spore-forming bacteria that gave a negative result in Arcobacter species-specific PCR tests but that yielded an amplicon in an Arcobacter genus-specific PCR test were isolated from 13 unrelated broiler carcasses. Numerical analysis of the profiles obtained by SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins clustered all isolates in a single group distinct from the other Arcobacter species. DNA–DNA hybridization among four representative strains exhibited DNA binding values above 91 %. DNA–DNA hybridization with reference strains of the current four Arcobacter species revealed binding levels below 47 %. The G+C contents ranged between 26·8 and 27·3 mol%. Pairwise comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the mean values for similarity to the type strain of Arcobacter cryaerophilus (97·5 %), Arcobacter butzleri (96·5 %), Arcobacter skirrowii (96·0 %) and Arcobacter nitrofigilis (95·0 %). The levels of similarity to Campylobacter and Helicobacter species were below 88 and 87 %, respectively. The isolates could be distinguished from other Arcobacter species by the following biochemical tests: catalase, oxidase and urease activities; reduction of nitrate; growth at 25 and 37 °C under aerobic conditions; growth on 2–4 % (w/v) NaCl media; and susceptibility to cephalothin. These data demonstrate that the 20 isolates represent a single novel Arcobacter species, for which the name Arcobacter cibarius sp. nov. is proposed, with LMG 21996^T (=CCUG 48482^T) as the type strain.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains LMG 21996^T and LMG 21997 are AJ607391 and AJ607392, respectively.

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