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Lactobacillus rossii sp. nov., isolated from wheat sourdough

¹ Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Sezione di Tecnologie e Biotecnologie degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
² Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
³ Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
⁴ Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante e Microbiologia Applicata, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy

Correspondence
Marco Gobbetti
gobbetti{at}agr.uniba.it

Screening of sourdough lactic acid bacteria for bacteriocin production resulted in the isolation of a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile rod bacterium (strain CS1^T) that could not be associated with any previously described species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis recognized strain CS1^T as a distinct member of the genus Lactobacillus. By a species-specific PCR strategy, five additional strains previously isolated from sourdoughs were found to belong to the same species as strain CS1^T, as confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The closest related species were Lactobacillus durianis, Lactobacillus malefermentans and Lactobacillus suebicus, with which strain CS1^T shared 93 % sequence similarity. For a further characterization of strain CS1^T, physiological (growth temperature, CO₂ production, hydrolysis of arginine, isomeric type of lactate, sugar fermentation) and chemotaxonomic (G+C content and peptidoglycan structure) properties were determined. Phenotypic characterization showed that strain CS1^T was a member of the obligately heterofermentative group of the genus Lactobacillus. The DNA G+C content was 44·6 mol%. The peptidoglycan was of the A3 (L-lys–L-ser–L-Ala₂) type. Physiological, biochemical and genotypic data, as well as results of DNA–DNA hybridization of genomic DNA with one of the closest phylogenetic relatives, L. durianis (34·3 %), indicated that strain CS1^T represents a novel species of the genus Lactobacillus for which the name Lactobacillus rossii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this species is CS1^T (=ATCC BAA-822^T=DSM 15814^T).

Published online ahead of print on 19 July 2004 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.63075-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of L. rossii CS1^T is AJ564009.

Figures showing analysis of L. rossii species-specific PCR and RAPD patterns are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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