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Arthrobacter gangotriensis sp. nov. and Arthrobacter kerguelensis sp. nov. from Antarctica

¹ Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 007, India
² Observatoire Oceanoloquie de Banyuls, Laboratoire Arago, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) CNRS, Institut National des Sciences de L'Univers BP 44, 66651 Banyuls sur Mer, France

Correspondence
S. Shivaji
shivas{at}ccmb.res.in

Two coryneform bacteria were isolated from a penguin rookery soil sample collected in Antarctica, near the Indian station Dakshin Gangotri (strain Lz1y^T), and from sea water from Kerguelen island, Antarctica (strain KGN15^T). They have morphological and chemotaxonomic properties (peptidoglycan A4 type; major menaquinones MK-8, MK-9 and MK-10; predominant fatty acids anteiso-C_{15 : 0} and anteiso-C_{17 : 0}) that are characteristic of members of the genus Arthrobacter. The isolates shared 97·8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to each other and were most closely related to Arthrobacter sulfureus (about 98·5 % sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed 50 % relatedness between the isolates, while the levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains Lz1y^T and KGN15 ^T and their phylogenetic relative, A. sulfureus, were respectively 54 and 12 %. Based on the above data and distinct phenotypic differences between the isolates and A. sulfureus, two novel species are proposed, Arthrobacter gangotriensis sp. nov. (type strain Lz1y^T=DSM 15796^T=JCM 12166^T) and Arthrobacter kerguelensis sp. nov. (type strain KGN15^T=DSM 15797^T=JCM 12165^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Lz1y^T and KGN15^T are AJ606061 and AJ606062.

A 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic tree and details of the fatty acid compositions of the novel strains are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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