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Haloferax sulfurifontis sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a sulfide- and sulfur-rich spring

¹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, and Institute of Energy and the Environment, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
² The Institute of Life Sciences and the Moshe Shilo Minerva Center for Marine Biogeochemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
³ Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

Correspondence
Mostafa S. Elshahed
mostafa{at}ou.edu

A pleomorphic, extremely halophilic archaeon (strain M6^T) was isolated from a sulfide- and sulfur-rich spring in south-western Oklahoma (USA). It formed small (0·8–1·0 mm), salmon pink, elevated colonies on agar medium. The strain grew in a wide range of NaCl concentrations (6 % to saturation) and required at least 1 mM Mg²⁺ for growth. Strain M6^T was able to reduce sulfur to sulfide anaerobically. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain M6^T belongs to the family Halobacteriaceae, genus Haloferax; it showed 96·7–98·0 % similarity to other members of the genus with validly published names and 89 % similarity to Halogeometricum borinquense, its closest relative outside the genus Haloferax. Polar lipid analysis and DNA G+C content further supported placement of strain M6^T in the genus Haloferax. DNA–DNA hybridization values, as well as biochemical and physiological characterization, allowed strain M6^T to be differentiated from other members of the genus Haloferax. A novel species, Haloferax sulfurifontis sp. nov., is therefore proposed to accommodate the strain. The type strain is M6^T (=JCM 12327^T=CCM 7217^T=DSM 16227^T=CIP 108334^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain M6^T is AY458601.

Scanning electron micrographs showing cells of strain M6^T are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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