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Colwellia piezophila sp. nov., a novel piezophilic species from deep-sea sediments of the Japan Trench

¹ The DEEPSTAR Group, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
² Marine Ecosystems Research Department, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan

Correspondence
Yuichi Nogi
nogiy{at}jamstec.go.jp

Two strains of obligately piezophilic bacteria were isolated from sediment collected from the bottom surface of a small canyon on the seaward slope of the Japan Trench at a depth of 6278 m. The isolated strains, Y223G^T and Y251E, are closely affiliated with members of the genus Colwellia on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The G+C contents of both strains were about 39 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization values between these strains and Colwellia reference strains were significantly lower than those accepted as the phylogenetic definition of a species. The novel strains are Gram-negative, polarly flagellated and facultatively anaerobic. The optimal pressure for growth was 60 MPa at both 4 and 10 °C; the most rapid growth rate was observed at 10 °C and 60 MPa. No growth occurred at 15 °C under any pressure studied. The major isoprenoid quinone is Q-8. The predominant cellular fatty acids are C16 : 0 and C16 : 1. Based on the taxonomic differences observed, the isolated strains appear to represent a novel obligately piezophilic Colwellia species. The name Colwellia piezophila sp. nov. (type strain Y223G^T=JCM 11831^T=ATCC BAA-637^T) is proposed.

Published online ahead of print on 12 March 2004 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.03049-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Y223G^T is AB094412.

A 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic tree showing the relationship between Colwellia piezophila and piezophilic bacteria within the -Proteobacteria is available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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