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Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant organism from the Antarctic environment

Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

Correspondence
Jesús Guinea
jguinea{at}farmacia.far.ub.es

An endospore-forming strain, 20CM^T, was isolated from Antarctic sediment and identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses. The organism stained Gram-variable and was facultatively anaerobic. Strain 20CM^T was psychrotolerant, growing optimally at 10–15 °C. Like other Paenibacillus species, it contained anteiso-C_{15 : 0} as the major cellular fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 40·7 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain 20CM^T within the Paenibacillus cluster, with a similarity value of 99·5 % to Paenibacillus macquariensis DSM 2^T. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments between the Antarctic isolate and P. macquariensis DSM 2^T revealed a reassociation value of 47 %, indicating that strain 20CM^T and P. macquariensis DSM 2^T belong to different species. Based on evaluation of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species, Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., is proposed; the type strain is 20CM^T (=LMG 22078^T=CECT 5836^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the16S rRNA gene sequence of Paenibacillus antarcticus 20CM^T is AJ605292.

A table giving fatty acid composition (Table A) and figures showing electron micrographs and a phylogenetic tree (Figs A and B, respectively) are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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