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Sulfurovum lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph within the -Proteobacteria isolated from Okinawa Trough hydrothermal sediments

¹ Subground Animalcule Retrieval (SUGAR) Project, Frontier Research System for Extremophiles, Japan Marine Science & Technology Center (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
² Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0740, USA

Correspondence
Fumio Inagaki
inagaki{at}jamstec.go.jp

A novel mesophilic sulfur- and thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium, strain 42BKT^T, was isolated from the gas-bubbling sediment at the Iheya North hydrothermal system in the mid-Okinawa Trough, Japan. The isolate was a Gram-negative, non-motile and coccoid to oval-shaped bacterium. Growth was observed at 10–40 °C (optimum 28–30 °C) and in the pH range 5·0–9·0 (optimum 6·5–7·0). Strain 42BKT^T grew chemolithoautotrophically with elemental sulfur or thiosulfate as a sole electron donor and oxygen (optimum 5 % in gas phase) or nitrate as an electron acceptor. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 48·0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the isolate belonged to the previously uncultivated Group F within the -Proteobacteria, which includes phylotypes of vent epibiont and environmental sequences from global deep-sea cold seep and hydrothermal vent fields. On the basis of the physiological and molecular characteristics of this isolate, the type species of a novel genus, Sulfurovum lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is 42BKT^T (=ATCC BAA-797^T=JCM 12117^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 42BKT^T is AB091292.

Graphs showing the effects of temperature, pH and sea salts and O₂ concentration on growth of Sulfurovum lithotrophicum are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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