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Alteromonas stellipolaris sp. nov., a novel, budding, prosthecate bacterium from Antarctic seas, and emended description of the genus Alteromonas

¹ Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Vakgroep Biochemie, Fysiologie en Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstr. 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
² Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
³ Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou, China
⁴ BCCM/LMG Culture Collection, Universiteit Gent, Belgium

Correspondence
Stefanie Van Trappen
stefanie.vantrappen{at}UGent.be

Seven novel, cold-adapted, strictly aerobic, facultatively oligotrophic strains, isolated from Antarctic sea water, were investigated by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolates were Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, motile, rod-shaped cells that were psychrotolerant and moderately halophilic. Buds were produced on mother and daughter cells and on prosthecae. Prostheca formation was peritrichous and prosthecae could be branched. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belong to the -Proteobacteria and are related to the genus Alteromonas, with 98·3 % sequence similarity to Alteromonas macleodii and 98·0 % to Alteromonas marina, their nearest phylogenetic neighbours. Whole-cell fatty acid profiles of the isolates were very similar and included C_{16 : 0}, C_{16 : 1}7c, C_{17 : 1}8c and C_{18 : 1}8c as the major fatty acid components. These results support the affiliation of these isolates to the genus Alteromonas. DNA–DNA hybridization results and differences in phenotypic characteristics show that the strains represent a novel species with a DNA G+C content of 43–45 mol%. The name Alteromonas stellipolaris sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species; the type strain is ANT 69a^T (=LMG 21861^T=DSM 15691^T). An emended description of the genus Alteromonas is given.

Published online ahead of print on 19 December 2003 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02862-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains LMG 21861^T, LMG 21856, LMG 21859, LMG 21860, LMG 21862, LMG 21863 and LMG 21864 are AJ295715, AJ564723, AJ564724, AJ564725, AJ564726, AJ564727 and AJ564728, respectively.

A rep-PCR profile/dendrogram and tables giving strains used in this study and phenotypic characteristics of Alteromonas species are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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