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Shewanella pacifica sp. nov., a polyunsaturated fatty acid-producing bacterium isolated from sea water

¹ Industrial Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
² Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100 Let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
³ Department of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
⁴ Institute of Microbiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117811 Moscow, Russia
⁵ Institute of Marine Biology of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo Str. 17, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
⁶ Pacific Oceanological Institute of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baltiiskaya Str. 43, 690017 Vladivostok, Russia

Correspondence
Elena P. Ivanova
eivanova{at}swin.edu.au

Six marine bacterial strains, KMM 3597^T, KMM 3775, KMM 3590, KMM 3772, KMM 3605 and KMM 3601, that produce polyunsaturated fatty acids were isolated from sea water samples collected from different locations and depths in Chazhma Bay (Sea of Japan, Pacific Ocean) and characterized to clarify their taxonomic position. The DNA G+C contents of these strains were 39·5–40·3 mol%. The level of DNA hybridization between these strains was conspecific (83–96 %), indicating that they represent a single genospecies. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of the novel strains revealed that Shewanella japonica KMM 3299^T was the closest relative (99 % similarity). However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments demonstrated only 45–50 % binding with DNA of S. japonica. The novel organisms grew between 4 and 33 °C, were neutrophilic and haemolytic, and were able to degrade starch, gelatin, agar and Tween 80. The predominant fatty acids were (%±SD): i13 : 0 (9·3±1·1); i15 : 0 (33·9±1·5); 16 : 0 (8·9±1·6); and 16 : 17 (14·8±1·1). The fatty acid 20 : 53, formed at 28 °C, was present at up to 5·3 % total fatty acids. The major isoprenoid quinones were Q7 (21–41 %) and Q8 (50–59 %). The phylogenetic, genetic and physiological properties of the six strains placed them within a novel species, Shewanella pacifica sp. nov., the type strain of which is R10SW1^T (=KMM 3597^T=CIP 107849^T).

Published online ahead of print on 19 December 2003 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02993-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains KMM 3597^T, KMM 3590 and KMM 3506 are AF500076, AF500075 and AY366086, respectively.

Tables showing the S. pacifica cellular fatty acid and isoprenoid quinone compositions and comparative fatty acid compositions of S. pacifica and related species are available in IJSEM Online.

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