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Nitratireductor aquibiodomus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel -proteobacterium from the marine denitrification system of the Montreal Biodome (Canada)

¹ INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Canada H7V 1B7
² Biodôme de Montréal, 4777 Pierre-De Coubertin, Montreal, Canada H1V 1B3

Correspondence
Richard Villemur
richard.villemur{at}inrs-iaf.uquebec.ca

The Montreal Biodome operates a methanol-fed denitrification system that treats the water in its three million litre marine mesocosm. An unknown bacterium, named strain NL21^T, was isolated from this system on TSA and R2A agar. The organism is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped (1x3 µm) facultative aerobe. Optimal growth conditions on R2A agar are 30–35 °C, pH 7–7·5 and 1 % (w/w) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence reveals that strain NL21^T forms a novel lineage in the family ‘Phyllobacteriaceae’ within the 2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria. The closest related genera are Aminobacter, Pseudaminobacter, Mesorhizobium and Defluvibacter. Major cellular fatty acids are C_{18 : 1}7c (75 %), C_{19 : 0}8c cyclopropane (9·4 %) and C_{18 : 0} (4·2 %). The DNA G+C content of strain NL21^T (57 mol%) differs from those of all other described members of the ‘Phyllobacteriaceae’ (60–64 mol%). Strain NL21^T reduces nitrate to nitrite, but does not reduce nitrite to nitrogen gas. Only a few sugars and amino acids can serve as carbon sources. Strain NL21^T is able to grow without salt and tolerates up to 5 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis, as well as physiological and biochemical tests, showed that strain NL21^T was different from all other members of the ‘Phyllobacteriaceae’ with validly published names. Strain NL21^T therefore represents a novel genus, for which the name Nitratireductor aquibiodomus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain NL21^T (=DSM 15645^T=ATCC BAA-762^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NL21^T is AF534573.

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