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1 Subground Animalcule Retrieval (SUGAR) Project, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
2 Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Correspondence
Ken Takai
kent{at}jamstec.go.jp
A novel, extremely thermophilic bacterium, designated strain 17ST, was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney at the Suiyo Seamount in the Izu-Bonin Arc, Japan. The cells were rods with no apparent motility, most of which were narrow in the middle in the exponential-growth phase and had several polar flagella at both ends. Growth was observed between 45 and 80 °C (optimum temperature, 70–75 °C; doubling time, 80 min) and between pH 5·0 and 7·0 (optimum pH, 5·4). The isolate was a strictly anaerobic chemolithoautotroph that was capable of using molecular hydrogen as its sole energy source and carbon dioxide as its sole carbon source. Elemental sulfur (S0) was required for growth as an electron acceptor. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 34·6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolate was related to Thermovibrio ruber ED11/3LLKT and Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum BSAT, whilst it appeared to be a novel lineage prior to the divergence of these genera. This isolate could also be differentiated from both T. ruber ED11/3LLKT and D. thermolithotrophum BSAT on the basis of physiological properties. The name Balnearium lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for this isolate (type strain, 17ST=JCM 11970T=ATCC BAA-736T).
Published online ahead of print on 23 May 2003 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02773-0.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain 17ST is AB105048.
Growth curves showing the effects of temperature, pH and NaCl concentration on the growth of Balnearium lithotrophicum 17ST are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.
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