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‘Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae’, a novel phytoplasma taxon associated with rice yellow dwarf disease

¹ Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
² Laboratory of Bioresource Technology, The University of Tokyo, 202 Bioscience Building, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
³ Department of Plant Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand

Correspondence
Shigetou Namba
snamba{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp

In addition to rice yellow dwarf (RYD) phytoplasma, several phytoplasmas infect gramineous plants, including rice orange leaf, bermuda grass white leaf, brachiaria grass white leaf and sugarcane white leaf phytoplasmas. To investigate whether the RYD phytoplasma is a discrete, species-level taxon, several isolates of the aforementioned phytoplasmas were analysed using PCR-amplified 16S rDNA sequences. Two RYD isolates, RYD-J^T and RYD-Th, were almost identical (99·2 %), but were distinct (similarities of 96·3–97·9 %) from other phytoplasma isolates of the RYD 16S-group. The notion that the RYD phytoplasma constitutes a unique taxon is also supported by its unique insect vector (Nephotettix sp.), its unique host plant in nature (rice) and its limited geographical distribution (Asia). In Southern blot analysis, chromosomal and extrachromosomal DNA probes of the RYD phytoplasma reportedly did not hybridize with those of closely related phytoplasmas. These properties of the RYD phytoplasma clearly indicate that it represents a novel taxon, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae’.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences reported in this paper are AB052870 (ROL), AB052871 (BGWL-KK), AB052872 (BraWL-KK), AB052873 (RYD-Th) and AB052874 (SCWL-Ud).

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