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1 Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
2 Department of Environmental Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
Correspondence
Yuji Sekiguchi
y.sekiguchi{at}aist.go.jp
Two thermophilic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, multicellular filamentous micro-organisms were isolated from thermophilic granular sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating fried soybean-curd manufacturing waste water (strain UNI-1T) and from a hot spring sulfur-turf in Japan (strain STL-6-O1T). The filaments were longer than 100 µm and of 0·2–0·3 µm (strain UNI-1T) or 0·7–0·8 µm (strain STL-6-O1T) in width. Strain UNI-1T was a strictly anaerobic organism. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 50–60 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·0; growth occurred in the range pH 6·0–8·0. Strain STL-6-O1T was a facultatively aerobic bacterium. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 37–65 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·5–8·0; growth occurred in the range pH 7·0–9·0. The two organisms grew chemo-organotrophically on a number of carbohydrates and amino acids in the presence of yeast extract. The G+C content of the DNA of strains UNI-1T and STL-6-O1T was 54·5 and 59·0 mol%, respectively. Major cellular fatty acids for strain UNI-1T were C16 : 0, C15 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0, whereas those for strain STL-6-O1T were C18 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. MK-10 was the major quinone from aerobically grown STL-6-O1T cells. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that both strains belong to an uncultured, previously recognized clone lineage of the phylum Chloroflexi (formerly known as green non-sulfur bacteria). These phenotypic and genetic properties suggested that each strain should be classified into a new independent genus; hence, the names Anaerolinea thermophila and Caldilinea aerophila are proposed for strains UNI-1T (=JCM 11387T=DSM 14523T) and STL-6-O1T(=JCM 11388T=DSM 14525T), respectively. These strains represent the type and sole species of the genera Anaerolinea and Caldilinea, respectively.
Published online ahead of print on 23 May 2003 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02699-0.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences of Anaerolinea thermophila UNI-1T and Caldilinea aerophila STL-6-O1T are AB046413 and AB067647, respectively.
A phylogenetic tree (constructed using a large dataset) showing the relationships of A. thermophila UNI-1T and C. aerophila STL-6-O1T with members of the phylum Chloroflexi is available in IJSEM Online.
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