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Alicyclobacillus pomorum sp. nov., a novel thermo-acidophilic, endospore-forming bacterium that does not possess -alicyclic fatty acids, and emended description of the genus Alicyclobacillus

¹ Microbiological and Analytical Group, Food Research Laboratories, Mitsui Norin Co. Ltd, 223-1, Miyahara, Fujieda, Shizuoka 426-0133, Japan
² Central Research Laboratories, Tokyo Food Techno Co. Ltd, 223-1, Miyahara, Fujieda, Shizuoka 426-0133, Japan
³ Marine Biotechnology Institute, 3-75-1, Heita, Kamaishi, Iwate 026-0001, Japan
⁴ Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1, Yayoi 1-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan

Correspondence
Keiichi Goto
kgoto{at}mnk.co.jp

A thermo-acidophilic endospore-forming bacterium was isolated from a mixed fruit juice. The organism, strain 3A^T, was rod-shaped, grew aerobically at 30–60 °C (optimum 45–50 °C), pH 3·0–6·0 (optimum pH 4·0–4·5) and produced acid from various sugars. It contained menaquinone-7 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The G+C content of the DNA was 53·1 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids of the strain were iso-C_{15 : 0}, anteiso-C_{15 : 0}, iso-C_{16 : 0}, iso-C_{17 : 0} and anteiso-C_{17 : 0}, but -alicyclic fatty acids, which are characteristic of the genus Alicyclobacillus, were not found in the strain. Phylogenetic analyses based on both 16S rRNA and gyrB (DNA gyrase B subunit gene) gene sequences showed that strain 3A^T falls into the Alicyclobacillus cluster, validated by significant bootstrap values. However, strain 3A^T did not show a close relationship to the other species of the cluster. The level of 16S rDNA similarity between strain 3A^T and other strains of the cluster was between 92·5 and 95·5 %. The level of gyrB sequence similarity between strain 3A^T and other strains of the cluster was between 68·5 and 74·4 %. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain 3A^T and phylogenetically related strains of the genera Alicyclobacillus, Bacillus and Sulfobacillus were under 13 %, indicating that strain 3A^T represents a distinct species. On the basis of these results, strain 3A^T should be classified as a novel Alicyclobacillus species. The name Alicyclobacillus pomorum is proposed for this organism. The type strain of Alicyclobacillus pomorum is strain 3A^T (=DSM 14955^T=IAM 14988^T).

The DDBJ/GenBank/EMBL accession numbers for the 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences are AB089840–AB089859.

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