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Paenibacillus stellifer sp. nov., a cyclodextrin-producing species isolated from paperboard

¹ Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, PO Box 56, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
² German Collection of Micro-organisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
³ Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, 202 Life Sciences Building, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
⁵ Electronics Production Technology, PO Box 3000, FIN-02015 Helsinki University of Technology, Helsinki, Finland

Correspondence
Mirja Salkinoja-Salonen
mirja.salkinoja-salonen{at}helsinki.fi

The microflora isolated from food-packaging board is dominated by paenibacilli; a number of these micro-organisms have been characterized using a polyphasic approach. The highest 16S rRNA gene similarity was found between these isolates and Paenibacillus azotofixans ATCC 35681^T (97·7 %). The main fatty acid of the paperboard isolates was C_{16 : 0} (34–45 %); straight-chain fatty acids made up 41–60 % of the total cellular fatty acids, thus distinguishing these strains from other Paenibacillus species. The paperboard isolates produced cyclodextrins from starch. The spore surface had a characteristic ribbed ornamentation. Spores and vegetative cells frequently had pilus-like appendages. Based on phylogenetic data and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, it is proposed that the isolates represent a novel species, Paenibacillus stellifer sp. nov., with IS 1^T (=DSM 14472^T=CCUG 45566^T) as the type strain.

Detailed fatty acid compositions of individual novel isolates and P. polymyxa strains are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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