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Methylocella silvestris sp. nov., a novel methanotroph isolated from an acidic forest cambisol

¹ Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
² Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142292, Russia
³ Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117811, Russia

Correspondence
Peter F. Dunfield
dunfield{at}staff.uni-marburg.de

Two strains of Gram-negative, aerobic, non-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped, methane-oxidizing bacteria were isolated from an acidic forest cambisol near Marburg, Germany, and were designated as strains BL2^T and A1. These bacteria were morphologically and phenotypically similar to Methylocella palustris K^T. The cells possess a highly specific bipolar appearance. They lack the intracytoplasmic membranes common to all methane-oxidizing bacteria except Methylocella, but contain a vesicular membrane system connected to the cytoplasmic membrane. A soluble methane monooxygenase was present, but no particulate methane monooxygenase could be detected. These bacteria utilize the serine pathway for carbon assimilation. Strains BL2^T and A1 are moderately acidophilic, mesophilic organisms capable of growth at pH values between 4·5 and 7 (with an optimum at pH 5·5) and at temperatures between 4 and 30 °C. Compared with Methylocella palustris K^T, these strains have greater tolerance of cold temperatures, dissolved salts and methanol. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence identity, of species with validly published names, strain BL2^T is most closely related to Methylocella palustris K^T (97·3 % identity), Beijerinckia indica subsp. indica ATCC 9039^T (97·1 %) and Methylocapsa acidiphila B2^T (96·2 %). The DNA G+C content is 60 mol% and the major phospholipid fatty acid is 18 : 17. Strain BL2^T showed only 21–22 % DNA–DNA hybridization with Methylocella palustris K^T. The data therefore suggest that strains BL2^T and A1 represent a novel species of Methylocella; the name Methylocella silvestris sp. nov. is proposed, with strain BL2^T (=DSM 15510^T=NCIMB 13906^T) as the type strain.

Published online ahead of print on 13 January 2003 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02481-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the partial gene sequences of mmoX, mxaF and nifH of Methylocella silvestris strain BL2^T are respectively AJ491847–AJ491850.

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