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Leifsonia rubra sp. nov. and Leifsonia aurea sp. nov., psychrophiles from a pond in Antarctica

¹ Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 007, India
² Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 007, India
³ Otsuma Women's University, Department of Environment Science, School of Social Information Studies, Karakida 2-7-1, Tama-Shi, Wakazawa, Tokyo 206-0036, Japan

Correspondence
S. Shivaji
shivas{at}ccmb.res.in

Two unique psychrophilic strains (CMS 76r^T and CMS 81y^T) were isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample from a pond in Wright Valley, McMurdo, Antarctica. Both isolates were assigned to the genus Leifsonia, since they were Gram-positive, curved rods, non-motile, catalase-positive, contained DL-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, menaquinone MK-11, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol, had a high content of anteiso- and iso-branched fatty acids and had a DNA G+C content of 64–66 mol%. In addition, both isolates were related to the five reported species of Leifsonia at a level of about 95–96 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity and differed from one another by 2·5 %. Strains CMS 76r^T and CMS 81y^T also differed from one another in many other phenotypic characteristics and exhibited only 30 % relatedness at the DNA–DNA level, thus indicating that they represent two different species. Furthermore, these two isolates also showed many distinct differences with respect to the reported species of Leifsonia in terms of their phenotypic characteristics, biochemical properties, chemotaxonomic features, sensitivity to various antibiotics and 16S rDNA similarity, clearly indicating that strains CMS 76r^T (=MTCC 4210^T =DSM 15304^T =CIP 107783^T) and CMS 81y^T (=MTCC 4657^T =DSM 15303^T =CIP 107785^T) represent the type strains of two novel species of Leifsonia, for which the names Leifsonia rubra sp. nov. and Leifsonia aurea sp. nov. are proposed.

The EMBL accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains CMS 76r^T and CMS 81y^T are AJ438585 and AJ438586.

A UPGMA phenogram including more reference sequences and a table of differences revealed by a comparison of almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences of all members of the genus Leifsonia are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.

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