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Clostridium caminithermale sp. nov., a slightly halophilic and moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from an Atlantic deep-sea hydrothermal chimney

¹ IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France
² IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, Plouzané, France
³ Protéus S.A., Nîmes, France

Correspondence
Bernard Ollivier
ollivier{at}esil.univ-mrs.fr

A strictly anaerobic, slightly halophilic and moderately thermophilic, sporulating rod designated strain DVird3^T was isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal vent samples collected at a depth of approximately 800 m on the Atlantic Ocean Ridge. Strain DVird3^T possessed a few laterally inserted flagella, had a DNA G+C content of 33·1 mol% and grew optimally at pH 6·6 and at 45 °C. Growth was observed at temperatures between 20 and 58 °C and at pH values between 5·8 and 8·2. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 3 % sea salt (30 g l^-1); no growth was observed in the presence of 15 or 60 g sea salt l^-1. Strain DVird3^T is heterotrophic and utilizes some sugars and various single amino acids. Acetate was the main fatty acid detected from carbohydrate fermentation, together with H₂ and CO₂. Gelatin was used as an energy source. It performed the Stickland reaction. Phylogenetically, strain DVird3^T branched with members of cluster XI of the order Clostridiales, with Clostridium halophilum as its closest relative (similarity of 94·6 %). On the basis of its phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain DVird3^T (=DSM 15212^T =CIP 107654^T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Clostridium, Clostridium caminithermale sp. nov.

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