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1 Istituto Sperimentale Talassografico, CNR, Spianata San Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy
2 Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
3 Department of Microbiology, GBF – German Research Center for Biotechnology, Mascheroder Weg 1, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
4 Institute of Microbiology, Biozentrum, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Correspondence
Michail M. Yakimov
iakimov{at}ist.me.cnr.it
The taxonomic characteristics of two bacterial strains, RB-8T and RB-9, isolated from hydrocarbon-degrading enrichment cultures obtained from Antarctic coastal marine environments (Rod Bay, Ross Sea), were determined. These bacteria were psychrophilic, aerobic and Gram-negative with polar flagella. Growth was not observed in the absence of NaCl, occurred only at concentrations of Na+ above 20 mM and was optimal at an NaCl concentration of 3–5 % (w/v). The major cellular fatty acids were monounsaturated straight-chain fatty acids. The strains were able to synthesize the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (20 : 5
3) at low temperatures. The DNA G+C contents were 41–42 mol%. The strains formed a distinct phyletic line within the 
-Proteobacteria, with less than 89·6 % sequence identity to their closest relatives within the Bacteria with validly published names. Both isolates exhibited a restricted substrate profile, with a preference for aliphatic hydrocarbons, that is typical of marine hydrocarbonoclastic micro-organisms such as Alcanivorax, Marinobacter and Oleiphilus. On the basis of ecophysiological properties, G+C content, 16S rRNA gene sequences and fatty acid composition, a novel genus and species within the -Proteobacteria are proposed, Oleispira antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov.; strain RB-8T (=DSM 14852T=LMG 21398T) is the type strain.
Published online ahead of print on 18 October 2002 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02366-0.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences of Oleispira antarctica strains RB-8T and RB-9 are respectively AJ426420 and AJ426421.
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