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Pseudoalteromonas phenolica sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium that produces phenolic anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus substances

Marine and Highland Bioscience Center, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan

Correspondence
Yuto Kamei
kameiy{at}cc.saga-u.ac.jp

Four strains of aerobic, Gram-negative rods, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, that produced phenolic anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) substances and brown-pigmented colonies, were isolated from sea water. The G+C content of the DNA ranged from 39·9 to 40·6 mol%. The isolates grew at 18–37 °C and pH 6·5–9·5 (optimal pH 7·5–9) and in medium containing 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal NaCl concentration 2–3·5 %). The isolates grew optimally in medium dissolved in 40–100 % artificial sea water. Based on 16S rDNA similarities, the novel strains were closely related to Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida, with 96·3 and 95·7 % sequence similarity, respectively. However, the strains could be differentiated from P. lutioviolacea by seven traits and from P. piscicida by 10 traits. Analysis of DNA–DNA relatedness to these related species revealed low levels of DNA hybridization (19·6 % to P. luteoviolacea and 22·4 % to P. piscicida). However, the type strain, O-BC30^T, and the other three bacterial isolates showed high DNA relatedness to each other, ranging from 84·8 to 93·7 %. Based on the results of phenotypic characterization, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences and DNA–DNA hybridization, it is concluded that these isolates represent a novel species in the genus Pseudoalteromonas. Because the type strain, O-BC30^T (=IAM 14989^T =KCTC 12086^T), produces phenolic anti-MRSA substances, the name proposed for this novel species is Pseudoalteromonas phenolica sp. nov.

Published online ahead of print on 23 August 2002 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02431-0.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain O-BC30^T is AF332880.

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