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1 Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
2 Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
3 Research Institute of Biological Resources, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
4 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Huay Kaew Road, Muang District, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
5 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Correspondence
Atsushi Yokota
yokota{at}chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp
Five strains of thermotolerant lactic acid bacteria (G 12, G 22, G 35T, G 43 and G 44) isolated from chicken faeces were characterized taxonomically. The strains were facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. They were heterofermentative lactobacilli that produced DL-lactic acid. Growth of the strains occurred at 45 °C but not at 15 °C. The optimum temperature for growth was 42 °C, as determined from the specific growth rate. The highest permissive temperatures for growth were 50 °C for strain G 35T and 48 °C for the other four strains. DNA G+C content of the strains was between 49 and 51 mol%. Complex fatty acid patterns of the strains showed the presence of C14 : 0, C16 : 0, sometimes C18 : 0, C18 : 1 and C19 : 0 cyclo in the cell walls. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the five strains placed them in the Lactobacillus casei/Pediococcus group, with Lactobacillus fermentum as their closest relative (about 95 % sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization data indicated that the thermotolerant strains were not L. fermentum. Taken together, the findings of this study show that the five strains isolated from chicken faeces represent a novel species within the genus Lactobacillus, for which the name Lactobacillus thermotolerans is proposed (G 35T =DSM 14792T =JCM 11425T).
Published online ahead of print on 19 July 2002 as DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02347-0.
The GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences of strains G 12, G 22, G 35T, G 43 and G 44 are AF308146, AF308147, AF317702, AF317703 and AF317704, respectively.
A fuller phylogenetic tree showing the placement of Lactobacillus thermotolerans within the genus Lactobacillus (Fig. I) and a growth curve for strain G 35T (Fig. II) are available as supplementary data in IJSEM Online (http://ijs.sgmjournals.org).
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