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Butyrivibrio hungatei sp. nov. and Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans sp. nov., butyrate-producing bacteria from the rumen

Jan Kopen¹, Maa Zorec², Jakub Mrázek¹, Yasuo Kobayashi³ and Romana Marinek-Logar²

¹ Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pátelství 560, 104 00, Prague 10, Uhínves, Czech Republic
² University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Zootechnical Dept, Domale, Slovenia
³ Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan

Correspondence
Jan Kopen
kopecny{at}iapg.cas.cz

Two novel Gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, butyrate-producing bacterial species, strains Mz 5^T and JK 615^T, were isolated from the rumen fluid of cow and sheep. Both strains were curved rods that were motile by means of single polar or subpolar flagellum and common in the rumen microbial ecosystem. Strain Mz 5^T produced high xylanase, proteinase, pectin hydrolase and DNase activities; 1,4--endoglucanase was also detected in the culture medium. The bacterium utilized a wide range of carbohydrates. Glucose was fermented to formate, butyrate, lactate, succinate and ethanol. The DNA G+C content was 42·1 mol%. The complete 16S rDNA sequence was obtained and phylogenetic relationships were determined. Strain Mz 5^T and related isolates were located in clostridial cluster XIVa and were closely related to Pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis, Butyrivibrio crossotus, Roseburia cecicola and Eubacterium rectale. The name proposed for this novel bacterium is Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans; the type strain is Mz 5^T (=DSM 14809^T =ATCC BAA-455^T). Strain JK 615^T produced no fibrolytic activity, but utilized a wide range of carbohydrates. Glucose was fermented to formate, acetate, butyrate and ethanol. The DNA G+C content was 44·8 mol%. The complete 16S rDNA sequence was obtained and phylogenetic relationships were determined. Strain JK 615^T was located in clostridial cluster XIVa and was closely related to Clostridium proteoclasticum, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Eubacterium halii. The name proposed for this novel bacterium is Butyrivibrio hungatei; the type strain is JK 615^T (=DSM 14810^T =ATCC BAA-456^T).

The EMBL accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences of Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans Mz 5^T, Pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis JK 626, Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans JK 23/2, Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans JK 633, Clostridium proteoclasticum UC 142 and Butyrivibrio hungatei JK 615^T are AJ428548–AJ428553, respectively.

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