International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol 52, 1655-1661, Copyright © 2002 by Society for General Microbiology

Erythrobacter citreus sp. nov., a yellow-pigmented bacterium that lacks bacteriochlorophyll a, isolated from the western Mediterranean Sea

EBM. Denner, D. Vybiral, M. Koblizek, P. Kampfer, H. J. Busse and B. Velimirov
Institut fur Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Universitat Wien, A-1030 Wien, Austria

Two facultatively oligotrophic, intensely yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, RE35F/1(T) and RE10F/45, have been previously isolated from the western Mediterranean Sea (Bay of Calvi, Corsica, France) by 0.2 microm membrane filtration. The organisms were Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile. Their respiratory lipoquinone profiles consisted exclusively of ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) and the G+C contents of their DNAs were 62.0 and 62.4 mol%, respectively. Among the cellular fatty acids, octadecenoic acid (18:1omega7c) was the major component. Both isolates also contained hydroxy fatty acids (14:0 2-OH, 18:1 2-OH and 16:0 iso 3-OH) and branched fatty acids (15:0 anteiso, 16:0 anteiso and 17:0 anteiso). Polar lipid fingerprints were characterized by the presence of a sphingoglycolipid. Comparative analyses of their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that both isolates were phylogenetically closely related (sequence similarity of 99.9%) and formed a coherent cluster with aerobic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing species of the Erythrobacter/Porphyrobacter/Erythromicrobium cluster within the family Sphingomonadaceae. The closest relative was Erythrobacter litoralis DSM 8509(T) (97.4 and 97.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between this strain and RE35F/1(T) and RE10F/45, respectively). DNA--DNA reassociation studies confirmed that strains RE35F/1(T) and RE10F/45 represent a single species (79.6% DNA homology), but also demonstrated that they do not belong to the species Erythrobacter litoralis (25.2 and 34.2% DNA homology, respectively). Notably, both RE35F/1(T) and RE10F/45 lacked bacteriochlorophyll a. Based upon phenotypic and molecular evidence, a novel species of the genus Erythrobacter, Erythrobacter citreus sp. nov., is proposed. Strain RE35F/1(T) (=CIP 107092(T)=DSM 14432(T)) is the type strain.

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