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International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol 52, 1185-1192, Copyright © 2002 by Society for General Microbiology
A. Bakalidou, P. Kampfer, M. Berchtold, T. Kuhnigk, M. Wenzel and H. Konig
Abteilung Angewandte Mikrobiologie und Mykologie, Universitat Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
A novel cellulolytic and xylanolytic bacterium, strain MX5(T), was isolated from the hindgut contents of the Australian termite Mastotermes darwiniensis (Froggatt). The isolate was a facultative anaerobe and had a Gram-positive cell-wall profile. The rod-shaped bacterium formed irregular coryneform and coccoid cells during growth. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA provided evidence that the organism was closely related to the as-yet undescribed cellulolytic strain SR272 and the non-validly described species 'Cellulomonas pachnodae' as well as Promicromonospora citrea and Promicromonospora sukumoe. Strain MX5(T) was assigned to the genus Cellulosimicrobium on the basis of phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic criteria. The murein of strain MX5(T) contained the diamino acid lysine. N-Glycolylmuramic acid, mycolic acids and hydroxy fatty acids were absent. The major neutral sugar in the cell wall was galactose and the major quinone was menaquinone MK-9(H(4)). The predominant fatty acids were ai-C15:0, i-C15:0, i-C16:0 and C16:0. The G+C content of the DNA was in a range 70--72 mol%. On the basis of 16S rDNA sequence similarities and chemotaxonomic features, MX5(T) was clearly different from Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and other validly described species within this phylogenetic group. For this reason, a novel species is described, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium variabile sp. nov. is proposed.
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