International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol 50, 1155-1162, Copyright © 2000 by Society for General Microbiology

Caloramator coolhaasii sp. nov., a glutamate-degrading, moderately thermophilic anaerobe

CM Plugge, EG Zoetendal and AJM Stams
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, H. van Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands

An obligately anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, glutamate-degrading bacterium (strain Z(T)) was isolated from an enrichment culture obtained from anaerobic thermophilic granular sludge. The cells were rod-shaped to filamentous and showed no motility or spore formation. The cell wall had a Gram-positive structure, which was revealed by electron microscopy. Optimum growth of the strain was observed under neutrophilic conditions at 50--55 degrees C. The doubling time of strain Z(T) grown in rich medium was approximately 1 h at optimal pH and temperature. Strain Z(T) was able to grow on a variety of organic compounds. Most carbon sources were converted to acetate, CO(2), H(2), and traces of propionate and lactate. Strain Z(T) oxidized glutamate to acetate, CO(2), NH(+)(4), traces of propionate and H(2). The doubling time on this substrate was 1.6 d. The strain fermented glutamate syntrophically in co-culture with Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Z-245(T) to the same products, but the co-culture had a fourfold higher growth rate. 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed a relationship with Thermobrachium celere, Caloramator indicus and Caloramator proteoclasticus. The G+C content was 31.7 mol%. Based on its morphological, phylogenetic and physiological characteristics, it is proposed that strain Z(T) should be classified in the genus Caloramator as a new species, Caloramator coolhaasii.

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