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Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov., a novel dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing, anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium

Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, 117811 Moscow, Russia

Author for correspondence: Alexander Slobodkin. Tel: +7 95 135 4458. Fax: +7 95 135 6530. e-mail: slobodki{at}inmi.host.ru

ABSTRACT

A thermophilic, anaerobic, spore-forming, dissimilatory Fe(lll)-reducing bacterium, designated strain SR4^T, was isolated from sediment of newly formed hydrothermal vents in the area of the eruption of Karymsky volcano on the Kamchatka peninsula. Cells of strain SR4^T were straight-to-curved, peritrichous rods, 0.4-0.6 µ in diameter and 3.5-9.0 µ in length, and exhibited a slight tumbling motility. Strain SR4^T formed round, refractile, heatresistant endospores in terminally swollen sporangia. The temperature range for growth was 39–78 °C with an optimum at 69–71 °C. The pH range for growth was 4.8-8.2, with an optimum at 6.3-6.5. Strain SR4^T grew anaerobically with peptone as carbon source. Amorphous iron(lll) oxide present in the medium stimulated the growth of strain SR4^T; cell numbers increased with the concomitant accumulation of Fe(ll). In the presence of Fe(lll), strain SR4^T grew on H₂/CO₂ and utilized molecular hydrogen. Strain SR4^T reduced 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and MnO₂. Strain SR4^T did not reduce nitrate or sulfate and was not capable of growth with O₂. The fermentation products from glucose were ethanol, lactate, H₂ and CO₂ The G+C content of DNA was 32 mol%. 16S rDNA sequence analysis placed the organism in the genus Thermoanaerobacter. On the basis of physiological properties and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that strain SR4^T (= DSM 12299^T) should be assigned to a new species, Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov.

Key Words: Thermoanaerobacter • Fe(III) reduction • Mn(IV) reduction • thermophiles • magnetite

The GenBank accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain SR4^T is AF120479.

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