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Enzyme Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Allé, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
Author for correspondence: Preben Nielsen. Tel: +45 444 21478. Fax: +45 444 21492. e-mail: pnie{at}novo.dk
ABSTRACT
Phenotypic data indicate that gliding, yellow/orange-pigmented, agar-digest bacterial strains were members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB) group. The strains were isolated from the surface of the marine benthic macroalga Fucus serratus L. and the surrounding seawater at three localities Danish waters. The bacteria were Gram-negative, flexirubin-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative and were psychrophilic and halophilic. All strains utilized D-fructose, L-fucose and 
-ketobutyric acid and degraded alginic acid, carrageenan, starch and autoclaved yeast cells. Amplification with primers specific for repetitive extragenic palindromic elements by PCR divided the strains of this study into two groups. Both groups showed unique PCR amplification patterns compared to reference strains of the CFB group. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences showed association of these organisms and [Cytophaga] lytica at the genus level. Hybridization of total chromosomal DNA revealed that the new strains and [Cytophaga] lytica ATCC 23178T were clearly distinct from each other and other previously described species of the CFB group. A new genus is described, Cellulophaga gen. nov. comprising two new species, Cellulophaga baltica gen. nov., sp. nov. (NN015840T = LMG 18535T) and Cellulophaga fucicola gen. nov., sp. nov. (NN015860T = LMG 18536T), as well as the emendation of [Cytophaga] lytica to Cellulophaga lytica gen. nov., comb. nov.
Key Words: marine bacteria • Cellulophaga baltica gen. nov. • sp. nov. • Cellulophaga fucicola gen. nov. • sp. nov. • Cellulophaga lytica gen. nov. • comb. nov. • Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group
The EMBL accession numbers for the 16S rDNA sequences of Cellulophaga baltica (NN015840T) and Cellulophaga fucicola (NN015860T) are AJ005972 and AJ005973, respectively.
Present address: Department of Marine Ecology and Microbiology, National Environmental Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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