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Clostridium methoxybenzovorans sp. nov., a new aromatic o-demethylating homoacetogen from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester

¹ Laboratoire ORSTOM de Microbiologie des Anaérobies, Université de Provence, CESB-ESIL case 925, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
² School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
³ Département de Biologie, Université de la Méditerranée, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France

Author for correspondence: Jean-Louis Garcia. Tel: + 33 4 9182 8572. Fax: + 33 4 9182 8570 e-mail: garcia{at}esil.univ-mrs.fr

ABSTRACT

A strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium (3·0-5·0 x 0·4-0·8 µ), designated strain SR3^T (^T=type strain), which stained Gram-positive and possessed a Grampositive type cell wall was isolated from a methanogenic pilot-scale digester fed with olive mill wastewater (Sfax, Tunisia). It utilized a number of carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sorbose, galactose, myo-inositol, sucrose, lactose, cellobiose), organic compounds (lactate, betaine, sarcosine, dimethylglycine, methanethiol, dimethylsulfide), alcohol (methanol) and all methoxylated aromatic compounds only in the presence of yeast extract (0·1%). The end products from carbohydrate fermentation were H², CO², formate, acetate and ethanol, that from lactate was methanol, those from methoxylated aromatics were acetate and butyrate, and that from betaine, sarcosine, dimethylglycine, methanethiol and dimethylsulfide was only acetate. Strain SR3^T was non-motile, had a G+C content of 44 mol% and grew optimally at 37 °C and pH 7·4 on a glucose-containing medium. Phylogenetically, the closest relatives of strain SR3^T were the non-methoxylated aromatic-degrading Clostridium xylanolyticum, Clostridium aerotolerans, Clostridium sphenoides and Clostridium celerecrescens (mean similarity of 98%). On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of the isolate, it is proposed to designate strain SR3^T as Clostridium methoxybenzovorans sp. nov. The type strain is SR3^T (=DSM 12182^T).

Key Words: Clostridium methoxybenzovorans • o-demethylation • aromatic compounds • syringic acid • methoxyl group

The GenBank accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain SR3^T is AF067965.

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