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Thiomicrospira chilensis sp. nov., a mesophilic obligately chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from a Thioploca mat

¹Molecular Ecology Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraβe 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
²and Department of Microbiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraβe 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
³Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), PO Box 59, NI-1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), The Netherlands
⁴Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA

Author for correspondence: Jan Kuever. Tel: + 49 421 2028 734. Fax: +49 421 2028 580. e-mail: jkuever{at}mpi-bremen.de

ABSTRACT

A new member of the genus Thiomicrospira, which utilizes thiosulfate as the electron donor and CO₂ as the carbon source, was isolated from a sediment sample dominated by the filamentous sulfur bacterium Thioploca. Although the physiological properties investigated are nearly identical to other described species of the genus, it is proposed that strain Ch-1^Tis a member of new species, Thiomicrospira chilensis sp. nov., on the basis of differences in genotypic characteristics (16S rRNA sequence, DNA homology, G+C content). Strain Ch-1^Twas highly motile with a slight tendency to form aggregates in the stationary growth phase. The organism was obligately autotrophic and strictly aerobic. Nitrate was not used as an electron acceptor. Chemolithoautotrophic growth was observed with thiosulfate, tetrathionate, sulfur and sulfide. The isolate was not able to grow heterotrophically. Growth of strain Ch-1^Twas observed between pH 5·3 and 8·5 with an optimum at pH 7·0. The temperature range for growth was between 3·5 and 42 °C; the optimal growth temperature was between 32 and 37°C. The mean maximum growth rate on thiosulfate was 0·4 h^-1. This is the second Thiomicrospira species described that has a rodshaped morphology; therefore discrimination between vibrio-shaped Thiomicrospira and rod-shaped Thiobacilli is no longer valid.

Key Words: Thiomicrospira chilensis sp. nov. • sulfur-oxidizing bacteria • Thioploca mat

The GenBank accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain Ch-1^Treported in this paper is AF013975.

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