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1Laboratoire ORSTOM de Microbiologie des Anaérobies, University de Provence, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
2Sanofi Recherche, Groupe Elf-Aquitaine, Unité de Microbiologie, 31676 Labege Cedex, France
3School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
4Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
Author for correspondence: Bernard Ollivier. Tel: + 33 4 91 82 85 76. Fax: + 33 4 91 82 85 70. e-mail: ollivier{at}esil.univ-mrs.fr
ABSTRACT
Two irregular coccoid methanogens designated SEBR 4845Tand FR1T were isolated from an oilfield in Alsace, France. Strain SEBR 4845T(T = type strain) is a hydrogenotrophic halotolerant methanogen, which grows optimally at 5% NaCI (w/v) and tolerates up to 12% NaCI. It does not use methylated compounds and therefore cannot be ascribed to any of the known genera of the halophilic methylotrophic methanogens. It differs from hydrogenotrophic members of the orders Methanococcales and Methanomicrobia les in the NaCI growth range (0–12% NaCI), which is the widest reported to date for any hydrogenotrophic methanogen. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain SEBR 4845Tis a novel isolate for which a new genus is proposed, Methanocalculus halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. (= OCM 470T) that might be indigenous to the oilfield ecosystem. Strain FR1T (= OCM 471) is a moderately halophilic methanogen which grows optimally at 10% NaCI and tolerates up to 20% NaCI. It grows on trimethylamine and methanol as carbon and energy sources. The G+C content of its DNA is 43 mol%. It is therefore phenotypically and genotypically related to members of the genus Methanohalophilus. This report provides evidence that methylotrophic and hydrogenotrophic, but not aceticlastic methanogens are present in a saline subsurface oilfield environment, as already observed in surface saline to hypersaline environments.
Key Words: Archaea • Methanocalculus halotolerans • oilfield • halophily • taxonomy
The GenBank accession number for the 16S rRNA sequence of strain SEBR 4845Tis AF0033672.
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