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1Station Biologique, UPR9042, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Place Georges-Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France
2Zentrum für Ultrastrukturforschung und Ludwig Boltzmann-Institut für Molekulare Nanotechnologie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1180 Vienna, Austria
3Laboratoire de Caractérisation des Microorganismes Marins, Centre IFREMER de Brest, 29280 Plouzané, France
4Istituto per la Chimica di Molecole di Interesse Biologico, Via Toiano 6, 80072 Arco Felice (Naples), Italy
5Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29285 Brest cedex, France
Author for correspondence: C. Jeanthon. Tel: +33 2 98 29 23 09. Fax: +33 2 98 29 23 24. e-mail: jeanthon{at}sb-roscoff.fr
ABSTRACT
A thermophilic, anaerobic, strictly autotrophic, sulphur-reducing bacterium, designated BSAT(T = type strain), was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney sample collected at the mid-Atlantic ridge. Gram-negative cells occurred singly or in pairs as small highly motile rods. Spores were not observed. The temperature range for growth was 40 to 75°C, with an optimum at 70 °C. The pH range for growth at 70 °C was from 4·4 to 7·5, with an optimum around 6·0. The sea salt concentration range for growth was 15–70 g I-1with an optimum at 35 g I-1. Elemental sulphur, thiosulphate and sulphite were reduced to hydrogen sulphide. Sulphate and cystine were not reduced. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 35 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the strain was a member of the domain Bacteria and formed a branch that was almost equidistant from members of the orders Aquificales and Thermotogales. The new organism possesses phenotypic and phylogenetic traits that do not allow its classification as a member of any previously described genus; therefore, it is proposed that this isolate should be described as a member of a novel species of a new genus, Desulfurobacterium gen. nov., of which Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum sp. nov. is the type species. The type strain is BSAT(= DSM 11699T).
Key Words: deep-sea hydrothermal vents • thermophiles • Bacteria • Desulfurobacterium • Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum
The EMBL accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AJ001049.
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