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Int J Syst Bacteriol 48 (1998), 669-676; DOI 10.1099/00207713-48-3-669
© 1998 Society for General Microbiology
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Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new Serpulina species that is enteropathogenic for chickens

T. B. Stanton1, D. Postic2 and N. S. Jensen1

1Enteric Diseases and Food Safety Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, PO Box 70, Ames, IA 50010, USA
2Unité Bactériologie Moléculaire et Médicale, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France

Author for correspondence: T. B. Stanton. Tel: +1 515 239 8495. Fax: +1 515 239 8458. e-mail: tstanton{at}nadc.ars.usda.gov

ABSTRACT

Strain C1Tis an anaerobic spirochaete that causes intestinal disease in chickens. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and 16S rRNA sequence comparisons have indicated that this spirochaete is a Serpulina strain. In these investigations, various phenotypic and genomic properties useful for establishing a taxonomic identity for strain C1Twere studied. As determined by electron microscopy, cells of the spirochaete measured 8-11 x 0·22-0·34 µm and had a typical spirochaete ultrastructure. Each cell had 22–30 flagella. C1Tcells formed weakly β-haemolytic colonies on trypticase soy agar plates containing 5% bovine blood. The spirochaete reached maximum population densities of 109cells ml-1with a 2–4 h population doubling time in brain heart infusion broth containing 10% calf serum (BHIS broth). C1Tcultures in BHIS broth were positive in tests for hippurate hydrolysis and negative for indole production. Glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, fructose, maltose and mannose were growth substrates for the spirochaete in heart infusion broth containing 7% calf serum (HS broth). During growth in HS broth beneath an 02/N2 (1:99) atmosphere, cells of the spirochaete consumed 02 and glucose and produced H2, CO2, acetate, butyrate and ethanol. Strain C1TDNA had a G+C content of 24·6 mol%. Based on DNA-DNA hybridization analyses, the DNA of strain C1Texhibited 24–39% relative reassociation with DNA of Serpulina hyodysenteriae, Serpulina innocens, Serpulina pilosicoli, Serpulina murdochii and Serpulina intermedia. These results indicate that chicken spirochaete strain C1Thas many phenotypic properties common to Serpulina species and, based on DNA hybridization analysis, represents a unique Serpulina species. For this new species the name Serpulina alvinipulli is proposed, for which the type strain is C1T(= ATCC 51933T).

Key Words: Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov. • enteropathogenic bacteria • spirochaetes • chickens




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