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Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely thermophilic acidophile of the order Sulfolobales

¹Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1–236 Tangicho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192, Japan
²Division of Chemistry, Center of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, 1–15–1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228, Japan

Author for correspondence: Norio Kurosawa. Tel: +81 426 91 9441. Fax: +81 426 91 9312. e-mail: kurosawa{at}t.soka.ac.jp

ABSTRACT

Three spherical thermoacidophilic archaea (strains TA-1^T, TA–13, TA–14) were obtained from acidic hot springs located in Ohwaku Valley, Hakone, Japan. All the isolates are facultatively anaerobic, and grew optimally at around 85 °C pH 2·0. Isolate TA-1^Twas characterized further. The G+C content of DNA from TA-1T is 33 mol%. Although these properties resemble those of the genus Acidianus, the sequence of the 165 rRNA gene from strain TA-1^Twas more similar to that of species of Stygiolobus than of Acidianus. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments also indicated that strain TA-1^Tis clearly distinguished phylogenetically from the members of Acidianus, Sulfolobus and Metallosphaera. On the basis of the distinct physiological and molecular properties, we describe the new strains as members of the new genus Sulfurisphaera. The type species of the genus is Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis, and the type strain of the species is TA-1^T(= IFO 151 SI1).

Key Words: Sulfurisphaera • Sulfolobales • archaea • 165 rRNA • facultative anaerobe

TheEMBL/DDBJ/GenBank accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are D85507 (Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis), D85505 (Acidianus infernus), D85506 (Acidianus ambivalens) and D85520 (Stygiolobus azoricus).

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