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Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis sp. nov., an anaerobic, extremely thermophilic, xylanolytic bacterium

¹Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095--1772, USA
²Faculty of Science and Technology, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Brisbane, Australia
³Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA

Author for correspondence: Chi-Yu Huang. Tel: +1 310 825 2569. Fax: + 1 310 794 2106. e-mail: cyhuang{at}ucla.edu

ABSTRACT

An anaerobic, extremely thermophilic xylanolytic, non-spore-forming bacterium was isolated from a sediment sample taken from Owens Lake, California, and designated strain OL^T (T = type strain). Strain OL^T had a Gram-negative reaction and occurred as short rods which sometimes formed long chains containing a few coccoid cells. It grew at 50--80 °C, with an optimum at 75 °C. The pH range for growth was 5·5--9·0 with an optimum at about pH 7·5. When grown on glucose at optimal conditions, its doubling time was 7·3 h. In addition to glucose, the isolate utilized sucrose, xylose, fructose, ribose, xylan, starch, pectin and cellulose. Yeast extract stimulated growth on carbohydrates but was not obligately required. The end products from glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate, ethanol, H₂ and CO₂. The G+C content of strain OL^T was 36·6 mol%. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that strain OL^T was a member of the subdivision containing Gram-positive bacteria with DNA G+C content of less than 55 mol% and clustered with members of the genus Caldicellulosiruptor. Because strain OL^T is phylogenetically and phenotypically different from other members of this genus, it is proposed to designate this isolate Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis sp. nov. Strain OL^T is the type strain (=ATCC700167^T).

Key Words: Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis • thermophile • xylanolytic bacterium

The GenBank accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain OL^T is U80596.

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